Direction of Induced Currents in Coplanar Wire Segments
The figure shows certain wire segments joined together to form a coplanar loop. The loop is placed in a perpendicular magnetic field in the direction going into the plane of the figure. The magnitude of the field increases with time.

and are the currents in the segments and . Then,
Options
is in the direction and is in the direction
is in the direction and is in the direction
Topics & Concepts
Step-by-Step Solution
To determine the magnitude and direction of the induced currents and , we apply Faraday's Law and Lenz's Law:
-
Current Magnitude:
The wire segments are connected in series to form a single continuous coplanar loop. By the conservation of charge (Kirchhoff's Current Law), the current must be uniform throughout the entire loop. Therefore:
Hence, options (A) and (B) are incorrect. -
Current Direction:
- The magnetic field is directed perpendicularly into the plane of the loop () and its magnitude is increasing with time ().
- According to Lenz's law, the induced current must flow in a direction such that the induced magnetic field opposes the increase in inward magnetic flux. Therefore, the induced magnetic field must be directed perpendicularly out of the plane ().
- To produce an outward magnetic field, the net circulation of current around the outer boundary of the loop must be counter-clockwise.
- Along the outer boundary, a counter-clockwise circulation means the current flows:
- Right-to-left along the top segment , which is in the direction from to ().
- Along the inner segment , the current flows in the opposite direction (from left to right) to complete the loop, which corresponds to the direction from to ().
Thus, is in the direction and is in the direction .
Therefore, the correct option is D.