JEE Challenger
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Work Done in Adiabatic Compression of Helium Gas

5.6 liter5.6\text{ liter} of helium gas at STP is adiabatically compressed to 0.7 liter0.7\text{ liter}. Taking the initial temperature to be T1T_1, the work done in the process is

Options

A

98RT1\frac{9}{8} R T_1

Correct
B

32RT1\frac{3}{2} R T_1

C

158RT1\frac{15}{8} R T_1

D

92RT1\frac{9}{2} R T_1

Step-by-Step Solution

To find the work done in the adiabatic compression of the helium gas, we can follow these steps:

Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of helium gas (nn)
At Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), 1 mole1\text{ mole} of an ideal gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters22.4\text{ liters}.
Given the initial volume V1=5.6 litersV_1 = 5.6\text{ liters}, the number of moles nn is:
n=V122.4=5.622.4=14 molen = \frac{V_1}{22.4} = \frac{5.6}{22.4} = \frac{1}{4}\text{ mole}

Step 2: Determine the adiabatic exponent (γ\gamma)
Helium (He\text{He}) is a monoatomic gas, so its adiabatic index is:
γ=1+2f=1+23=53\gamma = 1 + \frac{2}{f} = 1 + \frac{2}{3} = \frac{5}{3}

Step 3: Find the final temperature (T2T_2)
For an adiabatic process, the relation between temperature and volume is given by:
T1V1γ−1=T2V2γ−1T_1 V_1^{\gamma - 1} = T_2 V_2^{\gamma - 1}

Substituting V1=5.6 LV_1 = 5.6\text{ L}, V2=0.7 LV_2 = 0.7\text{ L}, and γ−1=53−1=23\gamma - 1 = \frac{5}{3} - 1 = \frac{2}{3}:
T2=T1(V1V2)γ−1=T1(5.60.7)2/3=T1(8)2/3T_2 = T_1 \left( \frac{V_1}{V_2} \right)^{\gamma - 1} = T_1 \left( \frac{5.6}{0.7} \right)^{2/3} = T_1 (8)^{2/3}

Since 82/3=(23)2/3=22=48^{2/3} = \left(2^3\right)^{2/3} = 2^2 = 4:
T2=4T1T_2 = 4 T_1

Step 4: Calculate the work done in the process
The work done in an adiabatic process is given by:
W=nR(T1−T2)γ−1W = \frac{n R (T_1 - T_2)}{\gamma - 1}

Substituting the values into the formula:
W=14R(T1−4T1)53−1=14R(−3T1)23=−98RT1W = \frac{\frac{1}{4} R (T_1 - 4 T_1)}{\frac{5}{3} - 1} = \frac{\frac{1}{4} R (-3 T_1)}{\frac{2}{3}} = -\frac{9}{8} R T_1

The magnitude of work done in compressing the gas (work done on the gas) is:
∣W∣=98RT1|W| = \frac{9}{8} R T_1

Therefore, the correct option is (A).