JEE Challenger
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Probability That Die Tossed Until Six Requires Three Tosses

Comprehension Passage

A fair die is tossed repeatedly until a six is obtained. Let XX denote the number of tosses required.

The probability that X=3X = 3 equals

Options

A

25216\frac{25}{216}

Correct
B

2536\frac{25}{36}

C

536\frac{5}{36}

D

125216\frac{125}{216}

Step-by-Step Solution

To find the probability that X=3X = 3, we consider the geometric distribution model for the number of independent trials required to achieve the first success.

Let obtaining a six on a single roll of a fair die be defined as a "success" (SS), and obtaining any other number (from 11 to 55) be defined as a "failure" (FF).

The probability of success on any single toss is:
P(S)=16P(S) = \frac{1}{6}

The probability of failure on any single toss is:
P(F)=1−P(S)=1−16=56P(F) = 1 - P(S) = 1 - \frac{1}{6} = \frac{5}{6}

The random variable XX denotes the number of tosses required until the first six appears. The event X=3X = 3 means that:

  1. The first toss results in a failure (FF),
  2. The second toss results in a failure (FF),
  3. The third toss results in a success (SS).

Since the outcomes of successive tosses are independent, the probability is given by:
P(X=3)=P(F)×P(F)×P(S)P(X = 3) = P(F) \times P(F) \times P(S)

Substituting the respective probabilities:
P(X=3)=(56)×(56)×(16)=25216P(X = 3) = \left(\frac{5}{6}\right) \times \left(\frac{5}{6}\right) \times \left(\frac{1}{6}\right) = \frac{25}{216}

Thus, the correct option is A.