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Find Mean of Eleven Terms in Arithmetic Progression

Let a1,a2,a3,…,a11a_1, a_2, a_3, \dots, a_{11} be real numbers satisfying
a1=15,27−2a2>0andak=2ak−1−ak−2for k=3,4,…,11.a_1 = 15, \quad 27 - 2a_2 > 0 \quad \text{and} \quad a_k = 2a_{k-1} - a_{k-2} \quad \text{for } k = 3, 4, \dots, 11.
If a12+a22+⋯+a11211=90\frac{a_1^2 + a_2^2 + \dots + a_{11}^2}{11} = 90, then the value of a1+a2+⋯+a1111\frac{a_1 + a_2 + \dots + a_{11}}{11} is equal to

Official Numerical Answer0

Step-by-Step Solution

To find the mean of the eleven terms, a1+a2+⋯+a1111\frac{a_1 + a_2 + \dots + a_{11}}{11}, we first analyze the given conditions.

The recurrence relation is given as:
ak=2ak−1−ak−2  ⟹  ak−ak−1=ak−1−ak−2for k=3,4,…,11a_k = 2a_{k-1} - a_{k-2} \implies a_k - a_{k-1} = a_{k-1} - a_{k-2} \quad \text{for } k = 3, 4, \dots, 11

This implies that the sequence a1,a2,…,a11a_1, a_2, \dots, a_{11} forms an Arithmetic Progression (A.P.). Let dd be the common difference of this A.P., and we are given a1=15a_1 = 15.
Therefore, the kk-th term of the A.P. is:
ak=15+(k−1)da_k = 15 + (k-1)d

We are given the inequality 27−2a2>027 - 2a_2 > 0. Substituting a2=15+da_2 = 15 + d:
27−2(15+d)>0  ⟹  27−30−2d>0  ⟹  −3−2d>0  ⟹  d<−3227 - 2(15 + d) > 0 \implies 27 - 30 - 2d > 0 \implies -3 - 2d > 0 \implies d < -\frac{3}{2}

Let aˉ\bar{a} denote the mean of the 11 terms. Since the terms are in A.P., the mean is equal to the middle term (a6a_6):
aˉ=a1+a2+⋯+a1111=a6=15+5d\bar{a} = \frac{a_1 + a_2 + \dots + a_{11}}{11} = a_6 = 15 + 5d

From this, we can express dd in terms of aˉ\bar{a}:
d=aˉ−155d = \frac{\bar{a} - 15}{5}

Next, we know that the variance of nn terms of an A.P. with common difference dd is given by the formula:
Variance=n2−112d2\text{Variance} = \frac{n^2 - 1}{12} d^2

For n=11n = 11:
Variance=112−112d2=12012d2=10d2\text{Variance} = \frac{11^2 - 1}{12} d^2 = \frac{120}{12} d^2 = 10d^2

Alternatively, by definition, the variance is also equal to:
Variance=a12+a22+⋯+a11211−aˉ2\text{Variance} = \frac{a_1^2 + a_2^2 + \dots + a_{11}^2}{11} - \bar{a}^2

Given that a12+a22+⋯+a11211=90\frac{a_1^2 + a_2^2 + \dots + a_{11}^2}{11} = 90, we get:
Variance=90−aˉ2\text{Variance} = 90 - \bar{a}^2

Equating the two expressions for variance:
90−aˉ2=10d2  ⟹  aˉ2+10d2=9090 - \bar{a}^2 = 10d^2 \implies \bar{a}^2 + 10d^2 = 90

Substitute d=aˉ−155d = \frac{\bar{a} - 15}{5} into the equation:
aˉ2+10(aˉ−155)2=90\bar{a}^2 + 10 \left( \frac{\bar{a} - 15}{5} \right)^2 = 90
aˉ2+25(aˉ−15)2=90\bar{a}^2 + \frac{2}{5} (\bar{a} - 15)^2 = 90

Multiplying the entire equation by 5:
5aˉ2+2(aˉ2−30aˉ+225)=4505\bar{a}^2 + 2(\bar{a}^2 - 30\bar{a} + 225) = 450
7aˉ2−60aˉ+450=4507\bar{a}^2 - 60\bar{a} + 450 = 450
7aˉ2−60aˉ=07\bar{a}^2 - 60\bar{a} = 0
aˉ(7aˉ−60)=0\bar{a}(7\bar{a} - 60) = 0

This gives two possible solutions for aˉ\bar{a}:

  1. If aˉ=0\bar{a} = 0:
    d=0−155=−3d = \frac{0 - 15}{5} = -3
    Checking the condition d<−32d < -\frac{3}{2}: −3<−1.5-3 < -1.5, which is satisfied.

  2. If aˉ=607\bar{a} = \frac{60}{7}:
    d=607−155=−97≈−1.286d = \frac{\frac{60}{7} - 15}{5} = -\frac{9}{7} \approx -1.286
    Checking the condition d<−32d < -\frac{3}{2}: −97>−1.5-\frac{9}{7} > -1.5, which violates the given inequality.

Thus, the only valid value for the mean is aˉ=0\bar{a} = 0.

Therefore, the value of a1+a2+⋯+a1111\frac{a_1 + a_2 + \dots + a_{11}}{11} is equal to 00.