JEE Challenger
More from Electric Charges and Fields

Determine Radius of Zero Potential Circle

Comprehension Passage

Consider two point charges −Q-Q and +Q/3+Q/\sqrt{3} positioned in the xyxy-plane at the origin (0,0)(0, 0) and at the point (2,0)(2, 0), respectively, as illustrated in the figure. This configuration creates an equipotential circle of radius RR with potential V=0V = 0 in the xyxy-plane, centered at (b,0)(b, 0). All spatial coordinates are specified in meters.

Find the value of the radius RR in meters.

Question Diagram 1
Official Numerical Answer1.73

Step-by-Step Solution

To find the radius RR of the zero potential circle, we set the total electric potential V(x,y)V(x,y) equal to zero for a general point (x,y)(x,y) in the xyxy-plane:

V(x,y)=14πε0(−Qx2+y2+Q/3(x−2)2+y2)=0V(x,y) = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0} \left( \frac{-Q}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}} + \frac{Q/\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{(x-2)^2 + y^2}} \right) = 0

Equating the potential contributions gives:

3(x−2)2+y2=x2+y2\sqrt{3}\sqrt{(x-2)^2 + y^2} = \sqrt{x^2 + y^2}

Squaring both sides and simplifying the equation yields:

3(x2−4x+4+y2)=x2+y2  ⟹  2x2−12x+2y2+12=03\left(x^2 - 4x + 4 + y^2\right) = x^2 + y^2 \implies 2x^2 - 12x + 2y^2 + 12 = 0

Dividing by 22 and completing the square for xx:

(x−3)2+y2=3(x - 3)^2 + y^2 = 3

This represents a circle centered at (3,0)(3,0) with radius R=3 m≈1.73 mR = \sqrt{3}\text{ m} \approx 1.73\text{ m}.