Count of Square Planar Species in Given List
A list of chemical species having the formula is provided below: Defining the molecular shape on the basis of the spatial positions of and atoms, evaluate the total number of species exhibiting a square planar geometry.
Official Numerical Answer4
Step-by-Step Solution
To determine the number of species exhibiting a square planar geometry, we analyze the hybridization, steric number, and molecular geometry for each given species:
-
:
- Central atom has 8 valence electrons.
- Number of bond pairs () = , Number of lone pairs () = .
- Steric Number () = hybridization.
- With 2 lone pairs situated in trans-axial positions to minimize repulsions, the molecular shape is square planar.
-
:
- Central atom has 6 valence electrons.
- , .
- hybridization.
- The molecular shape is see-saw.
-
:
- Central atom has 4 valence electrons.
- , .
- hybridization.
- The molecular shape is tetrahedral.
-
:
- Central atom has 4 valence electrons.
- , .
- hybridization.
- The molecular shape is tetrahedral.
-
:
- Central atom has 8 valence electrons.
- , .
- hybridization.
- With 2 lone pairs in trans positions, the molecular shape is square planar.
-
:
- has a electronic configuration.
- With the strong-field ligand , it undergoes hybridization (due to Jahn-Teller effect).
- The coordination geometry is square planar.
-
:
- has a configuration.
- is a weak-field ligand, giving hybridization.
- The coordination geometry is tetrahedral.
-
:
- has a configuration.
- is a weak-field ligand, resulting in hybridization.
- The coordination geometry is tetrahedral.
-
:
- is a metal ion.
- Due to the large crystal field splitting energy () of series elements, all 4-coordinate complexes adopt a low-spin configuration with hybridization.
- The coordination geometry is square planar.
Conclusion:
The species that possess a square planar geometry are:
Total number of square planar species = .