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More from Differential Equations

Value of Differential Equation Solution at Given Point

Let y′(x)+y(x)g′(x)=g(x)g′(x)y'(x) + y(x)g'(x) = g(x)g'(x), y(0)=0y(0) = 0, x∈Rx \in \mathbb{R}, where f′(x)f'(x) denotes df(x)dx\frac{d f(x)}{dx} and g(x)g(x) is a given non-constant differentiable function on R\mathbb{R} with g(0)=g(2)=0g(0) = g(2) = 0. Then the value of y(2)y(2) is

Official Numerical Answer0

Step-by-Step Solution

The given differential equation is:
y′(x)+y(x)g′(x)=g(x)g′(x)y'(x) + y(x)g'(x) = g(x)g'(x)

This is a first-order linear differential equation of the form:
dydx+P(x)y=Q(x)\frac{dy}{dx} + P(x) y = Q(x)
where P(x)=g′(x)P(x) = g'(x) and Q(x)=g(x)g′(x)Q(x) = g(x)g'(x).

Step 1: Find the Integrating Factor (I.F.\text{I.F.})
I.F.=e∫P(x)dx=e∫g′(x)dx=eg(x)\text{I.F.} = e^{\int P(x) dx} = e^{\int g'(x) dx} = e^{g(x)}

Step 2: Solve the differential equation
Multiplying the differential equation by the integrating factor gives:
ddx[y(x)eg(x)]=g(x)g′(x)eg(x)\frac{d}{dx} \left[ y(x) e^{g(x)} \right] = g(x) g'(x) e^{g(x)}

Integrating both sides with respect to xx:
y(x)eg(x)=∫g(x)g′(x)eg(x)dxy(x) e^{g(x)} = \int g(x) g'(x) e^{g(x)} dx

To compute the integral on the right-hand side, substitute u=g(x)u = g(x), which gives du=g′(x)dxdu = g'(x) dx:
∫ueudu=ueu−eu+C=(g(x)−1)eg(x)+C\int u e^u du = u e^u - e^u + C = (g(x) - 1)e^{g(x)} + C

Therefore, the general solution is:
y(x)eg(x)=(g(x)−1)eg(x)+Cy(x) e^{g(x)} = (g(x) - 1)e^{g(x)} + C

Dividing both sides by eg(x)e^{g(x)}:
y(x)=g(x)−1+Ce−g(x)y(x) = g(x) - 1 + C e^{-g(x)}

Step 3: Determine the constant CC
We are given y(0)=0y(0) = 0 and g(0)=0g(0) = 0. Substituting x=0x = 0 into the general solution:
y(0)=g(0)−1+Ce−g(0)y(0) = g(0) - 1 + C e^{-g(0)}
0=0−1+Ce00 = 0 - 1 + C e^0
0=−1+C  ⟹  C=10 = -1 + C \implies C = 1

Thus, the particular solution is:
y(x)=g(x)−1+e−g(x)y(x) = g(x) - 1 + e^{-g(x)}

Step 4: Calculate y(2)y(2)
We are given g(2)=0g(2) = 0. Substituting x=2x = 2:
y(2)=g(2)−1+e−g(2)y(2) = g(2) - 1 + e^{-g(2)}
y(2)=0−1+e0y(2) = 0 - 1 + e^0
y(2)=−1+1=0y(2) = -1 + 1 = 0

Hence, the value of y(2)y(2) is 00.