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More from p-Block Elements (Group 15-18)

Preparation of Extra Pure Nitrogen Gas

Extra pure N2\text{N}_2 can be obtained by heating

Options

A

NH3\text{NH}_3 with CuO\text{CuO}

B

NH4NO3\text{NH}_4\text{NO}_3

C

(NH4)2Cr2O7(\text{NH}_4)_2\text{Cr}_2\text{O}_7

D

Ba(N3)2\text{Ba(N}_3)_2

Correct

Step-by-Step Solution

To determine the method for obtaining extra pure (ultra-pure) nitrogen gas (N2\text{N}_2), let us analyze the reactions involved in each option upon heating:

  1. Reaction of NH3\text{NH}_3 with CuO\text{CuO}:
    2NH3+3CuO→Δ3Cu+N2+3H2O2\text{NH}_3 + 3\text{CuO} \xrightarrow{\Delta} 3\text{Cu} + \text{N}_2 + 3\text{H}_2\text{O}
    This reaction produces nitrogen gas, but it is contaminated with water vapor and unreacted ammonia.

  2. Thermal decomposition of NH4NO3\text{NH}_4\text{NO}_3:
    NH4NO3→ΔN2O+2H2O\text{NH}_4\text{NO}_3 \xrightarrow{\Delta} \text{N}_2\text{O} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O}
    Heating ammonium nitrate produces dinitrogen oxide (nitrous oxide, N2O\text{N}_2\text{O}) and water vapor, not nitrogen gas (N2\text{N}_2).

  3. Thermal decomposition of (NH4)2Cr2O7(\text{NH}_4)_2\text{Cr}_2\text{O}_7:
    (NH4)2Cr2O7→ΔCr2O3+N2+4H2O(\text{NH}_4)_2\text{Cr}_2\text{O}_7 \xrightarrow{\Delta} \text{Cr}_2\text{O}_3 + \text{N}_2 + 4\text{H}_2\text{O}
    This is a standard laboratory method for preparing nitrogen gas. However, the gas produced contains moisture as well as trace impurities of oxides of nitrogen (NO\text{NO} and NO2\text{NO}_2).

  4. Thermal decomposition of Barium Azide Ba(N3)2\text{Ba(N}_3)_2:
    Ba(N3)2→ΔBa(s)+3N2(g)\text{Ba(N}_3)_2 \xrightarrow{\Delta} \text{Ba(s)} + 3\text{N}_2\text{(g)}
    Pure metal azides, such as barium azide Ba(N3)2\text{Ba(N}_3)_2 or sodium azide NaN3\text{NaN}_3, undergo thermal decomposition to yield the corresponding metal and nitrogen gas. Since barium is a non-volatile solid, nitrogen gas is the only gaseous product obtained, resulting in extra pure (ultra-pure) N2\text{N}_2 free from oxygen, moisture, and nitrogen oxides.

Thus, extra pure N2\text{N}_2 can be obtained by heating Ba(N3)2\text{Ba(N}_3)_2.

Correct Option: (D)

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